Add doomPackageDir argument.

This is a directory used for initializing the straight environment,
distinct from `doomPrivateDir`. If not given, `doomPrivateDir` is used.

Here it is in action:

be9f3a24c5/emacs/default.nix (L12-L34)

Fixes #297 (there are some ideas for extra sugar in that issue, but this
solves the core problem).

default.nix

@@ -1,5 +1,23 @@
 { # The files would be going to ~/.config/doom (~/.doom.d)
   doomPrivateDir
+  /* A Doom configuration directory from which to build the Emacs package environment.
+
+     Can be used, for instance, to prevent rebuilding the Emacs environment
+     each time the `config.el` changes.
+
+     Can be provided as a directory or derivation. If not given, package
+     environment is built against `doomPrivateDir`.
+
+     Example:
+       doomPackageDir = pkgs.linkFarm "my-doom-packages" [
+         # straight needs a (possibly empty) `config.el` file to build
+         { name = "config.el"; path = pkgs.emptyFile; }
+         { name = "init.el"; path = ./doom.d/init.el; }
+         { name = "packages.el"; path = pkgs.writeText "(package! inheritenv)"; }
+         { name = "modules"; path = ./my-doom-module; }
+       ];
+   */
+,  doomPackageDir ? null
   /* Extra packages to install
 
      Useful for non-emacs packages containing emacs bindings (e.g.
@@ -105,6 +123,8 @@ let
   # Bundled version of `emacs-overlay`
   emacs-overlay = import (lock "emacs-overlay") pkgs pkgs;
 
+  doomPackageInstallDir = if doomPackageDir == null then doomPrivateDir else doomPackageDir;
+
   # Stage 2: install dependencies and byte-compile prepared source
   doomLocal = let
     straight-env = pkgs.callPackage (lock "nix-straight") {
@@ -126,7 +146,7 @@ let
       phases = [ "installPhase" ];
       nativeBuildInputs = [ git ];
       preInstall = ''
-        export DOOMDIR=${doomPrivateDir}
+        export DOOMDIR=${doomPackageInstallDir}
         export DOOMLOCALDIR=$(mktemp -d)/local/
       '';
     });
@@ -144,7 +164,7 @@ let
     phases = [ "installPhase" ];
     nativeBuildInputs = [ git ];
     preInstall = ''
-      export DOOMDIR=${doomPrivateDir}
+      export DOOMDIR=${doomPackageInstallDir}
       export DOOMLOCALDIR=$out/
 
       # Create a bogus $HOME directory because gccEmacs is known to require

modules/home-manager.nix

@@ -22,6 +22,27 @@ in
       '';
       apply = path: if lib.isStorePath path then path else builtins.path { inherit path; };
     };
+    doomPackageDir = mkOption {
+      description = ''
+        A Doom configuration directory from which to build the Emacs package environment.
+
+        Can be used, for instance, to prevent rebuilding the Emacs environment
+        each time the `config.el` changes.
+
+        Can be provided as a directory or derivation. If not given, package
+        environment is built against `doomPrivateDir`.
+      '';
+      apply = path: if lib.isStorePath path then path else builtins.path { inherit path; };
+      example = literalExample ''
+       doomPackageDir = pkgs.linkFarm "my-doom-packages" [
+           # straight needs a (possibly empty) `config.el` file to build
+           { name = "config.el"; path = pkgs.emptyFile; }
+           { name = "init.el"; path = ./doom.d/init.el; }
+           { name = "packages.el"; path = pkgs.writeText "(package! inheritenv)"; }
+           { name = "modules"; path = ./my-doom-module; }
+         ];
+       '';
+    };
     extraConfig = mkOption {
       description = ''
         Extra configuration options to pass to doom-emacs.